When Handshape Is Blurred, Meaning Is Blurred

Generative AI is now being used to convert written text or spoken language into sign language avatars for websites, videos and public communication.

Innovation in accessibility is positive. However, when working with British Sign Language (BSL), accuracy is essential.

BSL is a complete language. It has its own grammar, structure and visual rules. If these rules are not clear, meaning can change.

HOLME: The Foundation of BSL

Every sign in BSL depends on five key elements. These are often called HOLME:

H – Handshape

O – Orientation

L – Location

M – Movement

E – Expression

If one element changes, the meaning can change.

For example:

• A finger slightly bent instead of straight

• A palm facing the wrong direction

• Movement that is too short or unclear

• Facial expression that does not match the grammar

  
  

These are not small details. They affect meaning.

In BSL, visual clarity equals linguistic clarity.

Challenges with Early Generative AI

Generative AI systems predict movement based on data patterns. They aim to create smooth and realistic motion.

However, early systems may show:

• Blurred fingers during movement

• Unclear handshape transitions

• Small changes in orientation

• Reduced facial expression

• Sign order influenced by English structure

  
  

These issues may not be obvious to non-signers. But for fluent BSL users, they can reduce clarity and trust.

When handshape is blurred, meaning is blurred.

BSL Is Not English on the Hands

BSL does not follow English word order.

It has its own:

• Sentence structure

• Grammar

• Use of space

• Facial grammar

Looking only at English subtitles is not enough to judge BSL quality.

BSL must be evaluated based on BSL standards.

Questions to Ask Before Investing

Many organisations are spending significant budgets on AI accessibility tools.

Before adopting these systems, important questions include:

• How is HOLME tested?

• Are Deaf native signers involved?

• Is BSL grammar reviewed separately from English text?

• What quality standards are in place?

Accessibility must include accuracy.

BSL Was Strong Before Generative AI

BSL research, education and community leadership existed long before generative AI.

AI is a tool.

It should support the language, not simplify it.

Technology must respect the standards already built by the Deaf community.

Moving Forward

Generative AI has potential.

But precision must come first.

When handshape is unclear, meaning becomes unclear.

When expression is reduced, grammar is reduced.

BSL deserves accuracy and respect.

Innovation and linguistic integrity must move forward together.

Disclaimer: This article discusses general issues in AI-generated sign language and does not refer to any specific organisation or product.